Characteristics of included studies (adult group: >12 years)
| No. | Study | No. of cases | Age (yr) | Sex (M/F) | Study type | Etiology | Jaw site | Dental trauma | Immediate dental management | Radiographs | Injury to splinting time (hr) | Type of splint | Type of anesthesia | Duration of splinting (wk) | Late dental management (since trauma) | Unfavorable outcome | Follow-up duration (mo) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dhusia et al.34 (2021) | 1 | 29 | M | CR | Fall (under influence of alcohol) | Upper anterior | Avulsion (21, 22) | Replantation | None | Immediate | Erich’s arch bar with wire (rigid) | LA | 6 | RCT, 6 wk | NM | 6 |
| 2 | Firstyananda and Sjamsudin 35 (2018) | 1 | 67 | F | CR | Fall (slip in bathroom) | Upper anterior | Enamel fracture (11, 21, 22) | Selective grinding | OPG | NM | Composite resin bonded (rigid) | LA | 6-7 | NM | NM | NM |
| 3 | Ali et al.36 (2017) | 1 | 20 | M | CR | Sports | Upper anterior | Extrusion (11, 21) | Repositioning | IOPA | 24 | Erich’s arch bar with wire (rigid) | LA | NM | NM | NM | NM |
| 4 | Serra-Pastor et al.37 (2016) | 1 | 25 | F | CR | Fall (NM) | Upper anterior | Crown fracture (11, 12, 21, 22) | IOPA & CBCT | NM | Composite resin bonded (semi-rigid) | LA | 3 | RCT & ceramic crown, 3 wk | None | 24 | |
| Luxation (21) | Repositioning of luxated teeth | ||||||||||||||||
| 5 | Faus-Matoses et al.38 (2014) | 1 | 20 | M | CR | Fall | Upper anterior | Intrusions (12, 11, 21) | Repositioning | CBCT, OPG | 4 | Wire-composite (semi-rigid) | LA | 4 | RCT, 3 wk | NM | 60 |
| Crown fractures (11, 21) and crown-root fracture (22) | Ceramic crown | ||||||||||||||||
| 6 | Nyárády et al.39 (2010) | 6 (3 included) | 28-71 | M 2, F 1 | CS | NM | Upper anterior | NM | OPG | NM | Bone screw stabilization (rigid) | GA 1, LA 2 | 12 | RPD (3 cases) | None | NM | |
| 7 | Al-Hadad et al.40 (2009) | 1 | 21 | M | CR | Assault | Posterior maxilla | NM | NM | NM | NM | Custom-made arch bars and intermaxillary fixation (rigid) | NM | 4 | NM | NM | NM |
| 8 | Finucane et al.41 (2004) | 1 | 13 | M | CR | Fall (NM) | Lower anterior | NM | NM | NM | 48 | Composite resin bonded (rigid) | GA | 2 | RCT, 12 wk | None | 3 |
(M: male, F: female, CR: case report, CS: case series, NM: not mentioned, RCT: root canal treatment, RPD: removable partial denture, OPG: orthopantomogram, IOPA: intra oral periapical, CBCT: cone-beam computed tomography, LA: local anesthesia, GA: general anesthesia)