The inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study
| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|
| • Ages between 18 and 70 years old | • Unilateral impacted M3M |
| • Bilateral impacted M3M with similar difficulty1 | • Significant medical conditions affecting immune response and wound healing |
| • Well-controlled underlying medical conditions | • Edema for any reason before surgery |
| • Compliance with the study following voluntary participation | • History of adverse effects to any drugs to be administered during the study period |
| • Pregnant or lactating woman | |
| • Long-term use of drugs that affect systemic inflammatory response |
(M3M: mandibular third molar)
1Difficulty of M3M surgery was based on Winter, Pell, and Gregory classifications and Pederson’s index.